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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20201105T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20201105T140000
DTSTAMP:20260429T062747
CREATED:20201028T170526Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210101T153958Z
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SUMMARY:Joseph O'Brien (MACSI\, University of Limerick\, Ireland)
DESCRIPTION:Title: Branching Processes and their Application to Popularity Dynamics \nAbstract: Arising from a desire to understand the likelihood of a family name becoming extinct\, branching processes have a rich history and have been shown to be applicable to a wide range of domains. The simplest description of these processes is the case where a parent has a random number of children during their lifetime who themselves proceed to have a similarly distributed number of children. In this talk I demonstrate how the processes may be used to describe social spreading phenomena whereby the parents are now online pieces of information (tweets\, online threads\, …) while their children correspond to interactions with these pieces (retweets\, comments\,…) and as such may represent social contagion dynamics. Two specific examples will be considered in detail\, the first being a mathematical model of online spreading across multiple social media platforms and the effect said network structure has upon the dynamics [2]. Second\, I will demonstrate how a branching process approach can allow a unified understanding of the well-studied Hawkes process (which has itself been shown to accurately describe social spreading features [3]) and may in fact allow one to make predictions regarding future dynamics of such processes [4]. \n[1] K. B. Athreya and P. E. Ney\, Branching Processes (Springer Science + Business Media\, New York\, 2013). \n[2] J. D. O’Brien\, I. K. Dassios\, and J. P. Gleeson. Spreading of memes on multiplex networks. New Journal of Physics\, 21(2):025001\, 2019. \n[3] A. N. Medvedev\, R. Lambiotte\, and J.-C. Delvenne. The anatomy of Reddit: An overview of academic research. In Dynamics on and of Complex Networks\, pages 183–204. Springer\, 2017. \n[4] J. D. O’Brien\, A. Aleta\, Y. Moreno\, and J. P. Gleeson. Quantifying uncertainty in a predictive model for popularity dynamics. Physical Review E\, 101(6):62311\, 2020. \n  \nLink to the teams group “naXys Seminars” (unamur members) here \nLink to the seminar here \nFor any problem with the links\, write to riccardo.muolo@unamur.be
URL:https://www.naxys.be/event/joey-obrien-macsi-university-of-limerick-ireland/
LOCATION:Online Event
CATEGORIES:NAXYS Seminar
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20201119T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20201119T140000
DTSTAMP:20260429T062747
CREATED:20201028T170753Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210101T154020Z
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SUMMARY:Benedetta Franceschiello (University of Lausanne\, Switzerland)
DESCRIPTION:Title: MIME – Magnetic resonance Imaging of the Moving Eye \nAbstract: Vision is arguably the most important of our senses and it relies on the synchronous functioning of the eyes and the brain. These organs are highly interdependent: pathologies of the eyes can impact brain functionality [1]\, and brain impairments affect how the visual information is encoded at the eye-level [2]\, [3]. While nowadays ophthalmic biomedical devices are able to extract high-resolution anatomical measurements and behavioral measurements of the eyes\, no technology is able to perform anatomical assessments of the eye while it moves\, yet eye-movements are a behavioral readout encompassing valuable biomarkers in brain disorders [4]\, [5]. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a particularly promising non-invasive and versatile technique because it provides measurements related both to the tissue/organ structure and to the regional neural activity. However\, the image artefacts arising from eye motion prevent the applicability of MR techniques to eye imaging\, therefore impeding the investigation of the interplay between anatomical structures and their motion.\nIn this talk I will present our patented structural MRI protocol [6]\, [7] that allows dynamic acquisitions of the eye while it moves during quasi-naturalistic vision. To test the efficacy of this method\, eye-movements and eye-axial lengths – as extracted from the MR images – were compared with eye-tracker measurements and optical biometry\, respectively. This new non-invasive technology can estimate the rotation axes from the MR images with up to 97% accuracy with respect to the eye-tracker hardware. The high-resolution MRI scans of the human eye (1 mm3) – acquired during natural movement – permit to quantify the optical axial length with an accuracy having the same order of magnitude of the one obtained with ocular biometry. Finally\, I will discuss the possible applications of this technique and the new frontiers it opens both in the field of ophthalmic MRI and vision neuroscience. \n[1] Zheng\, D. D. et al. Longitudinal Associations Between Visual Impairment and Cognitive Functioning. JAMA Ophthalmol. 136\, 989 (2018).\n[2] Ciuffreda\, K. J. et al. Occurrence of oculomotor dysfunctions in acquired brain injury: A retrospective analysis. Optom. – J. Am. Optom. Assoc. 78\, 155–161 (2007).\n[3] DeBuc\, D. C. et al. Seeing the Brain Through the Eye: What Is Next for Neuroimaging and Neurology Applications. in OCT and Imaging in Central Nervous System Diseases 55–82 (Springer International Publishing\, 2020). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-26269-3_5\n[4] MacAskill\, M. R. & Anderson\, T. J. Eye movements in neurodegenerative diseases. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 29\, 61–68 (2016).\n[5] Anderson\, T. J. & MacAskill\, M. R. Eye movements in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 9\, 74–85 (2013).\n[6] Franceschiello\, B. et al. 3-Dimensional magnetic resonance imaging of the freely moving human eye. Prog. Neurobiol. 101885 (2020). doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101885\n[7] Franceschiello\, B. et al. WO2020178397 – Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods and device. (2020). Available at: https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020178397&tab=PCTBIBLIO. \nBenedetta Franceschiello \nLaboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology\,\nOphthalmology Department\, Fondation Asile des aveugles\, Lausanne\, Switzerland\nRadiology Department\, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne\, Switzerland \nLink to the teams group “naXys Seminars” (unamur members) here \nLink to the seminar here
URL:https://www.naxys.be/event/benedetta-franceschiello-the-laboratory-for-investigative-neurophysiology-university-hospital-center-jules-gonin-eye-hospital-university-of-lausanne-switzerland/
LOCATION:Online Event
CATEGORIES:NAXYS Seminar
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